General
In information security and programming, a buffer overflow, or buffer overrun, is an anomaly where a program, while writing data to a buffer, overruns the buffer's boundary and overwrites adjacent memory locations.
-- Wikipedia
Related
Protections
Data Execution Prevention (DEP)
Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR)
Important registers
ESP (Extended Stack Pointer): top of stack
EIP (Extended Instruction Pointer): current instruction -> Override EIP with user input (e.g. strcpy)
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